JSP Tutorials - Herong's Tutorial Examples - v5.11, by Herong Yang
"include" Directive and Action Elements
This section provides a tutorial example on how to 'declaration' element, 'include' directive element and 'include' action elements.
In order to practice how to write JSP Documents (JSP pages in XML format), let's look a more complex tutorial example. It has three JSP files working together to show you how to use "decalaration" elements, "include" directive elements and "include" action elements.
Here is the main JSP Document, CurrentTime.jspx:
<?xml version="1.0"?> <jsp:root xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page" version="2.3"> <!-- CurrentTime.jsp - Copyright (c) 2006 HerongYang.com. All Rights Reserved. --> <jsp:directive.page contentType="text/html"/> <html><body> <jsp:directive.page import="java.util.*"/> <jsp:directive.page import="java.text.*"/> <jsp:declaration> private Date now; private JspWriter out; private void printTime(String tz) throws Throwable { DateFormat df = DateFormat.getInstance(); df.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone(tz)); out.println(tz+": "+df.format(now)+"<br/>"); } </jsp:declaration> <p> <b>Current time in different time zones:</b><br/> <jsp:scriptlet> this.out = out; now = new Date(); printTime("America/New_York"); printTime("America/Los_Angeles"); printTime("Asia/Shanghai"); printTime("Europe/Paris"); printTime("Europe/Moscow"); </jsp:scriptlet> </p> <p> <jsp:directive.include file="JvmStamp.jspx"/> </p> <p> <jsp:include page="TimeStamp.jspx"/> </p> </body></html> </jsp:root>
Here is the JSP Document used by the "include" directive element, JvmStamp.jspx:
<?xml version="1.0"?> <jsp:root xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page" version="2.3"> <!-- JvmStamp.jspx - Copyright (c) 2006 HerongYang.com. All Rights Reserved. --> <b>Current JVM:</b><br/> <jsp:scriptlet> String s; s = "java.vm.name"; out.println(s+": "+System.getProperty(s)+"<br/>"); s = "java.vm.version"; out.println(s+": "+System.getProperty(s)+"<br/>"); s = "os.name"; out.println(s+": "+System.getProperty(s)+"<br/>"); s = "os.version"; out.println(s+": "+System.getProperty(s)+"<br/>"); </jsp:scriptlet> </jsp:root>
Here is the JSP Document used by the "include" action element, TimeStamp.jspx:
<?xml version="1.0"?> <jsp:root xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page" version="2.3"> <!-- TimeStamp.jspx - Copyright (c) 2006 HerongYang.com. All Rights Reserved. --> <b>Current Time: </b> <jsp:scriptlet> java.util.Date d = new java.util.Date(); out.println(d.toString()); </jsp:scriptlet> </jsp:root>
Couple of interesting things to remember in this example:
Deploy all 3 JSP Documents to the Tomcat server and try to answer following questions:
See next tutorial for my answers.
Table of Contents
JSP (JavaServer Pages) Overview
Tomcat Installation on Windows Systems
►Syntax of JSP Pages and JSP Documents
Syntactic Elements of a JSP Page
JSP Document - JSP Page in XML Format
JSP Document - JSP Version Error
Writing Scriptlet Element in XML Format
Writing Directive Element in XML Format
Writing Action Element in XML Format
►"include" Directive and Action Elements
Execution Result of CurrentTime.jspx
JavaBean Objects and "useBean" Action Elements
Managing HTTP Response Header Lines
Non-ASCII Characters Support in JSP Pages
Overview of JSTL (JSP Standard Tag Libraries)
Multiple Tags Working Together
Using Tomcat on CentOS Systems
Connecting to SQL Server from Servlet