Localization of Web Based Applications

This section describes what are involved in localization of a Web based application, which uses multiple programs: Web browser, Web server, application server, and database server.

Managing character strings of a specific language in a Web based application is not a simple task, because there are a number of software components involved in a typical Web based application. We have to understand how each of them manages character strings and how we transfer character strings from one component to another component.

First, let me try to abstract software programs involved in a Web application into the following list:

Before we get into details of how characters are handled in those programs, we need to understand how characters of a specific language are represented in computers. Here is my understanding:

To read more about character encoding and Unicode, see my other book: "Herong's tutorial notes on Unicode".

Table of Contents

 About This Book

 Introduction and Installation of PHP

 PHP Script File Syntax

 PHP Data Types and Data Literals

 Variables, References, and Constants

 Expressions, Operations and Type Conversions

 Conditional Statements - "if" and "switch"

 Loop Statements - "while", "for", and "do ... while"

 Function Declaration, Arguments, and Return Values

 Arrays - Ordered Maps

 Interface with Operating System

 Introduction of Class and Object

 Integrating PHP with Apache Web Server

 Retrieving Information from HTTP Requests

 Creating and Managing Sessions in PHP Scripts

 Sending and Receiving Cookies in PHP Scripts

 Controlling HTTP Response Header Lines in PHP Scripts

 Managing File Upload

 MySQL Server Connection and Access Functions

 Functions to Manage Directories, Files and Images

 SOAP Extension Function and Calling Web Services

 SOAP Server Functions and Examples

Localization Overview of Web Applications

 What Is Localization / Internationalization

Localization of Web Based Applications

 Character String Traveling Paths

 Output ASCII Character Strings from PHP Scripts

 Using Non-ASCII Characters in HTML Documents

 Using Non-ASCII Characters as PHP Script String Literals

 Receiving Non-ASCII Characters from Input Forms

 "mbstring" Extension and Non-ASCII Encoding Management

 Managing Non-ASCII Character Strings with MySQL Servers

 Parsing and Managing HTML Documents

 Configuring and Sending Out Emails

 Image and Picture Processing

 Managing ZIP Archive Files

 Managing PHP Engine and Modules on macOS

 Managing PHP Engine and Modules on CentOS

 Archived Tutorials

 References

 Full Version in PDF/EPUB