Outdated: GCTest.java - Garbage Collection Test Program

This section describes a garbage collection test program - GCTest.java.

We all know that objects that are not referenced will be removed from memory by the garbage collector. But we don't know how this process works exactly. I wrote the following program to try to figure this out.

/**
 * GCTest.java
 * Testing garbage collection behavior.
 * Suggested JVM options: -Xms2m -Xmx8m
 * Copyright (c) 2003, HerongYang.com, All Rights Reserved.
 */
import java.util.*;
class GCTest {
   static MyList objList = null;
   static int wait = 500; // milliseconds
   static int initSteps = 16; // 2 MB
   static int testSteps = 1;
   static int objSize = 128; // 1/8 MB
   public static void main(String[] arg) {
      if (arg.length>0) initSteps = Integer.parseInt(arg[0]);
      if (arg.length>1) testSteps = Integer.parseInt(arg[1]);
      objList = new MyList();
      Monitor m = new Monitor();
      m.setDaemon(true);
      m.start();
      myTest();
   }
   public static void myTest() {
      for (int m=0; m<initSteps; m++) {
         mySleep(wait);
         objList.add(new MyObject());
      }
      for (int n=0; n<10*8*8/testSteps; n++) {
         for (int m=0; m<testSteps; m++) {
            mySleep(wait);
            objList.add(new MyObject());
         }
         for (int m=0; m<testSteps; m++) {
            mySleep(wait);
            objList.removeTail();
            // objList.removeHead();
         }
      }
   }
   static void mySleep(int t) {
      try {
         Thread.sleep(t);
      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
         System.out.println("Interreupted...");
      }
   }
   static class MyObject {
      private static long count = 0;
      private long[] obj = null;
      public MyObject next = null;
      public MyObject prev = null;
      public MyObject() {
         count++;
         obj = new long[objSize*128];
      }
      protected final void finalize() {
         count--;
      }
      static long getCount() {
         return count;
      }
   }
   static class MyList {
      static long count = 0;
      MyObject head = null;
      MyObject tail = null;
      static long getCount() {
         return count;
      }
      void add(MyObject o) {
         // add the new object to the head;
         if (head==null) {
            head = o;
            tail = o;
         } else {
            o.prev = head;
            head.next = o;
            head = o;
         }
         count++;
      }
      void removeTail() {
         if (tail!=null) {
            if (tail.next==null) {
               tail = null;
               head = null;
            } else {
               tail = tail.next;
               tail.prev = null;
            }
            count--;
         }
      }
      void removeHead() {
         if (head!=null) {
            if (head.prev==null) {
               tail = null;
               head = null;
            } else {
               head = head.prev;
               head.next = null;
            }
            count--;
         }
      }
   }
   static class Monitor extends Thread {
      public void run() {
         Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();
         System.out.println(
            "Time   Total   Free   Free   Total   Act.   Dead   Over");
         System.out.println(
            "sec.    Mem.   Mem.   Per.    Obj.   Obj.   Obj.   Head");
         long dt0 = System.currentTimeMillis()/1000;
         while (true) {
            long tm = rt.totalMemory()/1024;
            long fm = rt.freeMemory()/1024;
            long ratio = (100*fm)/tm;
            long dt = System.currentTimeMillis()/1000 - dt0;
            long to = MyObject.getCount()*objSize;
            long ao = MyList.getCount()*objSize;
            System.out.println(dt
               + "   " + tm + "   " + fm + "   " + ratio +"%"
               + "   " + to + "   " + ao + "   " + (to-ao)
               + "   " + (tm-fm-to));
            mySleep(wait);
         }
      }
   }
}

Note that

Table of Contents

 About This Book

 JVM (Java Virtual Machine) Specification

 Java HotSpot VM - JVM by Oracle/Sun

 java.lang.Runtime Class - The JVM Instance

 java.lang.System Class - The Operating System

 ClassLoader Class - Class Loaders

 Class Class - Class Reflections

 JVM Runtime Data Areas

 JVM Stack, Frame and Stack Overflow

 Thread Testing Program and Result

 CPU Impact of Multi-Thread Applications

 I/O Impact of Multi-Thread Applications

 CDS (Class Data Sharing)

 Micro Benchmark Runner and JVM Options

 Micro Benchmark Tests on "int" Operations

 Micro Benchmark Tests on "long" Operations

 Micro Benchmark Tests in JIT Compilation Mode

 Micro Benchmark Tests on "float" and "double" Operations

 OpenJ9 by Eclipse Foundation

 JRockit JVM 28.2.7 by Oracle Corporation

Outdated Tutorials

 Outdated: Download and Install JDK 1.8.0 on Windows

 Outdated: Download and Install JDK 1.7.0 on Windows

 Outdated: Download and Install Java SE 1.6 Update 2

 Outdated: Installing JRockit JVM 8.0

 Outdated: Testing with LongWhile.java

 Outdated: Testing with LongSleep.java

Outdated: GCTest.java - Garbage Collection Test Program

 Outdated: GC Test - Constant Memory Requirement

 Outdated: GC Test - Periodical Memory Requirement

 Outdated: GC Test - Releasing Old vs. New Objects

 Outdated: GC Test - JDK 1.4.0 vs. JDK 1.3.1

 Outdated: GC Test - Client vs. Server

 Outdated: StringBuffer Testing Program

 Outdated: Installing JRockit JVM 7.0

 Outdated: Running JRockit JVM with Management Console

 References

 Full Version in PDF/EPUB